Ionizable lipids in combination with other lipids make up the lipid nanoparticles which are used to deliver RNA-based therapeutics. cKK-E12 has been used to deliver siRNA in mice, rats, and primates (ED50 = 0.002, 0.01, & 0.3 mg/kg respectively). It shows low toxicity and is selective for liver parenchymal cells over liver, heart, lung, and kidney endothelial cells. This product is for research use only and not for human use.