Phosphoinositides (PIPns) are minor components of cellular membranes but are integral signaling molecules for cellular communication. Phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate is in very low abundance and is required for retrograde membrane trafficking from lysosomal and late endosomal compartments to the Golgi and is involved in autophagy. PI(3,5)P2 levels are controlled by the 5-kinase PIKfyve and the 5-phosphatase Fig4/Sac3 and disregulation is linked to several human neuropathies (eg Chacot-Marie-Tooth disease).
GloPIPs are labeled at the sn-1 position with BODIPY®-FL (505/513), BODIPY®-TMR (544/574), or biotin. The sn-1 linkage in these labeled PIPs has been changed to a more stable amide from an ester. Results from experiments conducted at Echelon indicated that this minor chemical change did not have a significant effect in any of the applications tested.
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